While accounting and the practice of law are separate professions, the accountant must be conversant with essential legal concepts. Modern accounting practice requires familiarity with corporate legal structure, business entities, partnership operations, contracts, property rights, employment law, divorce, consumer protection, will & trusts, and even bankruptcy law. This course explores these specific areas with an emphasis on business and accounting issues. This informal and clear guide to the basic concepts of business law provides accountants with an excellent review of legal concepts that arise in any tax professional’s practice. The attendees will gain the ability to recognize and discuss general legal concepts with both client and their counsel.
Knowledge is power and nowhere is that truer than in the field of law. To gain such a working knowledge of law, readily understandable explanations are given to essential and related business law subjects. The accountant is guided through the complex maze of literally hundreds of legal principles from acceptance to zoning.

Chapter 1 – Asset Protection
At the start of Chapter 1, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Need for asset protection
* Types of creditors
* Fraudulent transfers
* Preparation for asset protection
* Types of insurance
* Buy-sell agreements
* Individual ownership and corporate ownership
* Asset protection aspects of trusts
* Co-tenancy and partnerships
* Divorce
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 1, participants will be able to:
1. Identify the goals and purposes of asset protection, recognizing the objections some people have about shielding assets from creditors, cite reasons for asset protection, situations that can expose assets, and the primary concepts of insurance, asset placement, and statutory protections.
2. Recognize the importance of creditor types associated with asset protection and differentiate fraudulent transfer laws.
3. Identify the degree and necessity of asset protection using net worth and asset values under a balance sheet and the various ways that insurance can offer asset protection.
4. Recognize the asset protection advantages and disadvantages of ownership formats and entities by identifying the protection given by corporations, partnerships, and trusts.
After studying the materials in Chapter 1, answer exam questions 1 to 18.

Chapter 2 – Alimony & Child Support
At the start of Chapter 2, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Divorce or separation instrument
* Pre- and post-1984 alimony requirements
* Deducting pre-2019 alimony paid & reporting alimony received
* Recapture of alimony for types A & B agreements
* Alimony substitution trusts & annuities
* Alimony paid by an estate
* Child support
* COBRA coverage
* Qualified medical child support orders
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 2, participants will be able to:
1. Recognize how the tax treatment of spousal support payments has dramatically changed under the TCJA, identify the §71 requirements for pre-2019 decree alimony, and differentiate the tax treatment from current law.
2. Identify the tax treatment of child support and circumstances where a payment will be fixed as child support, and specify events that determine whether a contingency is clearly child-related and how to rebut this presumption of child support.
3. Recognize the COBRA and qualified medical child support order rules by:
a. Identifying whether COBRA rules apply to different plans, including notice & deadline requirements and specifying situations that may result in a termination of continuing coverage; and
b. Determining what constitutes “qualified medical child support orders,” recognizing differences with other similar orders and identifying the procedures, requirements, and jurisdiction of QMCSOs.
After studying the materials in Chapter 2, answer exam questions 19 to 41.

Chapter 3 – Bankruptcy
At the start of Chapter 3, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Tax law changes
* Bankruptcy types
* Automatic stay
* Preferences
* Priorities
* Debt discharge
* Individual bankruptcy estate
* Individual debtor
* Corporate bankruptcy
* Homesteading & garnishment
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 3, participants will be able to:
1. Determine how the 2005 Bankruptcy Act changed procedures, qualifications, and tax law, and identify the most common bankruptcy types and their influence on how an individual or business “goes bankrupt.”
2. Specify the rules for automatic stay and levy, along with their impact on “freezing” creditor activity, tax assessment, and collection.
3. Identify the differences between preferential and non-preferential payments together with the priority of creditor claims, recognize when debt is discharged under various bankruptcy types, and identify how to establish an individual bankruptcy estate, determining its taxable income and filing requirements.
4. Identify partnership and corporate bankruptcies, specify debts covered under homesteading, and determine permissible garnishment amounts and special garnishment rules.
After studying the materials in Chapter 3, answer exam questions 42 to 56.

Chapter 4 – Divorce Settlements & Divisions
At the start of Chapter 4, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Premarital agreements
* Application of §1041
* Incident to divorce
* Property basis
* Purchase of a residence between spouses
* Purchase of business & investment property between spouses
* Division of corporate business interests
* Division of partnership business interests
* Deferred v. present division of benefits
* Individual retirement arrangements
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 4, participants will be able to:
1. Identify premarital and post-nuptial agreements, including how they relate to divorce settlements and cite the position of U.S. v. Davis on interspousal transfers and the changes made by §1041 specifying the requirements of §1041.
2. Identify factors that determine when a property transfer is incident to divorce and recognize the application of §1041 to transfers in trust under §1041(e).
3. Determine deferred tax liability and property basis for the transferor spouse and transferee spouse under §1041 after a property settlement, recognize the application of §1041 to transfers of encumbered property, and identify appropriate records and notices for transferred assets.
4. Identify the dangers of purchasing a former spouse’s interest in property, particularly a marital residence, including its tendency to create deferred tax liability, and specify the effects of purchasing assets used in a business or held for investment.
5. Recognize sale, redemption, recapitalization, liquidation, and third-party transfers as methods of dividing a business in a marital settlement and specify the use of insurance to protect support.
6. Identify an overall tax and economic strategy for the division of pension benefits in a marital settlement by specifying popular methods of dividing retirement benefits in a divorce.
After studying the materials in Chapter 4, answer exam questions 57 to 78.

Chapter 5 – Employment
At the start of Chapter 5, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Employee v. independent contractor
* Unemployment compensation
* Workers’ compensation
* Overall limitation of unreasonable compensation
* Unreasonable compensation factors
* Social security retirement benefits
* Social security tax
* Medicare
* Disability
* Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 5, participants will be able to:
1. Specify common-law rules used to determine employee status, identify unreasonable compensation issues, and recognize the mechanics of the Social Security system by determining how the system works, who qualifies, and when such participants are eligible for benefits
2. Identify Social Security taxes, their rates, and covered earnings to determine actual amounts taken from gross pay.
3. Determine Medicaid and Medicare differences and what is needed to qualify, and identify the eligibility requirements of Social Security disability and survivors’ benefits.
After studying the materials in Chapter 5, answer exam questions 79 to 95.

Chapter 6 – Entities & Title
At the start of Chapter 6, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Individual ownership & sole proprietorships
* Corporations
* Trusts holding title & business trusts
* Co-tenancy taxation, percentage interests, & partition
* Partnership taxation & recapitalization
* Family partnerships
* Limited liability companies
* Retirement plans
* Custodianship
* Estate
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 6, participants will be able to:
1. Identify tax and legal title formats, recognizing the distinctions among these entity formats by determining the advantages and disadvantages of holding property individually, through a sole proprietorship, or a corporation, along with associated pitfalls.
2. Cite the partnership tax advantages and disadvantages, particularly those associated with family limited partnerships, and identify the types of retirement plans used to provide benefits to business owners and employees.
After studying the materials in Chapter 6, answer exam questions 96 to 104.

Chapter 7 – Insurance
At the start of Chapter 7, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Homeowner’s, automobile, and disability insurance
* Life insurance
* Annuities
* Buy-sell agreements
* Entity & cross-purchase agreements
* Purchase price & terms
* Community property
* Professional corporations
* S corporations
* Sole shareholder planning
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 7, participants will be able to:
1. Identify characteristics of homeowner’s, automobile, and disability insurance and what asset protection they may offer.
2. Specify the benefits, uses, and types of life insurance and identify variables that influence when life insurance is taxable.
3. Determine what constitutes an annuity and the types and characteristics of annuities, along with their tax advantages and disadvantages.
4. Identify entity purchase and cross-purchase agreements specifying tax and legal advantages and pitfalls.
After studying the materials in Chapter 7, answer exam questions 105 to 118.

Chapter 8 – Property Dispositions
At the start of Chapter 8, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Capital gains
* Home sales
* Installment method
* Contingent payments or price
* Section 1031 like-kind exchanges
* Delayed exchange regulations
* Actual & constructive receipt rule
* Foreclosure
* Repossession
* Condemnations
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 8, participants will be able to:
1. Identify capital gains rates with applicable assets using the “basket” approach and cite the elements of the §121 home sale exclusion.
2. Recognize the installment method rules and regulations related to using this method by identifying basic terminology, determining the tax treatment of contingent payments, dealer dispositions, obligation pledging, and §483 imputed interest.
3. Identify the mechanics of a §1031 like-kind exchange by recognizing the advantage of §1031 as a tax deferral device, naming at least three elements of an exchange and specifying related parties and conditions where they may sell or dispose of properties, and recognizing the requirements of a delayed exchange.
4. Determine gain or loss on foreclosure or repossession, identifying reporting and filing requirements, including the impact of recourse and nonrecourse debt.
5. Recognize the differences between personal property and real property repossessions, tax treatment of gain or loss, and determine basis and repossession costs.
6. Identify the tax treatment of an involuntary conversion by recognizing related terminology, the tax consequences of receiving a condemnation award or severance damages, and the related party rule under §1033.
After studying the materials in Chapter 8, answer exam questions 119 to 162.

Chapter 9 – Retirement & Employee Benefits
At the start of Chapter 9, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Sources of retirement income
* Individual retirement accounts
* Tax-deferred annuities
* Fringe benefit provisions
* Employee achievement awards
* Cafeteria plans
* Self-insured medical reimbursement plans
* Employer-provided automobile
* Interest-free & below-market loans
* Insurance
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 9, participants will be able to:
1. Recognize the benefits of retirement plans and effective design following a multi-step program.
2. Identify qualified corporate plans, SIMPLE plans, self-employed plans, IRAs, and tax-deferred annuities.
3. Determine the differences between non-statutory and statutory fringe benefits, identify working condition fringes and de minimis fringes, and specify the requirements of §79, §125, and §105 plans.
4 Identify valuation methods for employer-provided automobiles and specify ERISA plan compliance requirements.
After studying the materials in Chapter 9, answer exam questions 163 to 179.

Chapter 10 – Torts & Personal Injuries
At the start of Chapter 10, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Intentional torts
* Unintentional torts
* Business torts
* Damages
* Personal injury back pay
* Personal injury installment payments
* Nonphysical personal injury
* Punitive damages
* Wrongful death
* Interest & legal fees
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 10, participants will be able to:
1. Identify types of tort and the remedies tort law provides.
2. Recognize the personal injury exclusion to ensure proper reporting of damages received because of injury, and determine how to report punitive damages, interest on injury awards, and legal fees as determined according to case law.
After studying the materials in Chapter 10, answer exam questions 180 to 184.

Chapter 11 – Wills & Probate
At the start of Chapter 11, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Provisions of wills
* Requirements of wills
* Executors and guardians
* Types of wills
* Title implications
* Changes to a will
* Advantages of a will
* Simple will
* Probate pros and cons
* Probate avoidance
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 11, participants will be able to:
1. Specify types of wills and the functions a will can perform and recall ways to hold title and their tax ramifications.
2. Identify the advantages of a properly drafted will, determine the distribution flow of simple wills, and specify the pros and cons of probate proceedings.
After studying the materials in Chapter 11, answer exam questions 185 to 190.

Chapter 12 – Trusts
At the start of Chapter 12, participants should identify the following topics for study:
* Purpose of trusts
* Common elements of trusts
* Types of trusts
* Living trusts
* Income tax & trusts
* Gift tax & trusts
* Estate tax & trusts
* Identification, recital, & property transfer clauses
* Income and principal & revocation and amendment clauses
* Trustee and trust termination clauses
Learning Objectives
After reading Chapter 12, participants will be able to:
1. Identify the relationship of parties in a trust, reasons to establish a trust, and types of trusts, along with their estate planning function.
2. Specify recommended living trust provisions and identify the use of grantor trusts, including a grantor retained income trust.
After studying the materials in Chapter 12, answer exam questions 191 to 200.

To complete this course participants need to: View the video and complete an assessment exam with a minimum passing grade of 70% or higher.

You have 1 year after purchase/enrollment to complete this course. Upon course completion a course evaluation form is provided for your feedback.

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2026 Essential Legal Concepts with Tax Analysis